Yoga And Diabetes Mellitus: Recommendations And Benefits- Systematic Review

Published: Saturday, 13 September 2014 10:43 | Written by Super User | Print | Email | Hits: 3462

Dr. Yadav Sunil Kumar¹ , Dr. Jain Nishi^2*

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijahm/v7i4.03

¹Assistant Professor, Dept. of Sharira Rachana, NIA, Jaipur.

²Ph.D Scholar, Dept. of Sharira Rachana, NIA, Jaipur.

ABSTRACT:

Background Yoga is a psycho- somatic -spiritual regulation for attaining union and synchronization between our mind, body and soul and definitive union of our individual realization and universal realization. The present literature review was aimed to assess the effectiveness and physiological effects of practicing Yoga on type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Surya namaskar, Padmasana, Pashimottanasana, Ardhmatsyendrasana, Pawanmuktasana, Bhujangasana, Vajrasana, Dhanurasana, Savasana, Halasana, Sarvangasana, Matsyasana, Shalabhasana, Padahastasana are recommended in DM.

Materials and Method Appropriate articles on physiological effects of yogic practices including Pranayama from journals, books and online publications were re-evaluated for further assessment to drawn fruitful conclusion.

Discussion Physiological effect of practices of Asana, Pranayama and meditation on patho- physiological causes of DM as insulin resistance due to obesity, improper secretion or absence of secretion of insulin hormone due to chronic or uncontrolled case of type 2 DM and stress has been mentioned.

Conclusion The reviewed articles haven’t report any adverse effects for Yoga practice. The uniqueness of Yoga to alleviate stress is effective and incomparable. It is highly effective in early onset of disease and supportive or accessory treatment in chronic or uncontrolled case of type 2 DM. It can be administered as alternative therapy to standard lifestyle interventions.

Keywords- Asana, Pranayama, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Yoga

Reference

1. Madanmohan, Mahadevan SK, Balakrishnan S, Gopalakrishnan M, Prakash ES. Effect of 6 wks Yoga training on weight loss following step test, respiratory pressures, handgrip strength and handgrip endurance in young healthy subjects. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2008;52:164–70.

2. Bijlani RL, Vempati RP, Yadav RK, Ray RB, Gupta V, Sharma R, et al. A brief but comprehensive lifestyle education program based on Yoga reduces risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. J Altern Complement Med. 2005;11:267–74.

3. Balaji PA, Varne SR, Sadatali S. Effects of Yoga pranayama practices on metabolic parameters and anthropometry in type 2 diabetes. International Multidisciplinary Research Journal. 2011;1:1–4.

4. Global report on Diabetes. World Health Organization. Geneva. 2016.

5. Swami Shivapremananda. Step by step Yoga for Stress Relief.2003.New Delhi: New Age Books. Pg 108.

6. Swami Akshaya Atmanand. Yoga and Yogasan.2001.New Delhi: Pratibha Pratishthan. Pg 134.

7. Paraddi Kusuma Mallapa, Ganesh Shankar. Ashtanga Yoga in relation to Holistic health. 2006. New Delhi: Satyam Publishing House. Pg 112.

8. Swami Akshaya Atmanand. Yoga and Yogasan.2001.New Delhi: Pratibha Pratishthan. Pg 137.

9. Swami Shivapremananda. Step by step Yoga for Stress Relief.2003.New Delhi: New Age Books. Pg 85.

10. Swami Akshaya Atmanand. Yoga and Yogasan.2001.New Delhi: Pratibha Pratishthan. Pg 137.

11. Swami Shivapremananda. Step by step Yoga for Stress Relief.2003.New Delhi: New Age Books. Pg 72.

12. Swami Shivapremananda. Step by step Yoga for Stress Relief.2003.New Delhi: New Age Books. Pg 78.

13. Swami Shivapremananda. Step by step Yoga for Stress Relief.2003.New Delhi: New Age Books. Pg 94.

14. Swami Shivapremananda. Step by step Yoga for Stress Relief.2003.New Delhi: New Age Books. Pg 98.

15. Swami Shivapremananda. Step by step Yoga for Stress Relief.2003.New Delhi: New Age Books. Pg 102.

16. Paraddi Kusuma Mallapa, Ganesh Shankar. Ashtanga Yoga in relation to Holistic health. 2006. New Delhi: Satyam Publishing House. Pg 120.

17. Swami Akshaya Atmanand. Yoga and Yogasan.2001.New Delhi: Pratibha Pratishthan. Pg 168.

18. J.L.Gupta ‘chaitanya”. The Healing power of Yoga and Kundalini Tantra: Path to wellness and Enlightment. 2010. Delhi: Penman Publishers. Pg 129.

19. Dang KK, Sahay BK. Yoga and Meditation, Medicine update. In: Singh MM, editor. The Association of Physicians of India. Vol. 9. New Delhi: APICON, The Association of Physicians of India conference; 1999. pp.502–512. part 1, chapters 57 and 58.

Sahay BK, Murthy KJR. Long term follow up studies on effect of Yoga in diabetes. Diab Res Clin Pract. 1988;5(suppl.1):S655.

20. P.A.Balaji, Smitha R Varne, Syed Sadat Ali. Physiological Effects of Yogic Practices and Transcendental Meditation in Health and Disease. North American Journal of Medical Sciences. 2012 Oct; 4(10): 442–448.

21. Bijlani RL, Vempati RP, Yadav RK, Ray RB, Gupta V, Sharma R, et al. A brief but comprehensive lifestyle education program based on Yoga reduces risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. J Altern Complement Med. 2005;11:267–74.

Balaji PA, Varne SR, Sadatali S. Effects of Yoga pranayama practices on metabolic parameters and anthropometry in type 2 diabetes. International Multidisciplinary Research Journal. 2011;1:1–4.

22. Malhotra V, Singh S, Tandon OP, Sharma SB. The beneficial effect of Yoga in diabetes. Nepal Med Coll J. 2005;7:145–7.

23. Neena Sharma, et al. Yoga and glycemic profile in diabetics. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health 2014; Vol 3 Issue 9: 1135-1140

24. Hegde SV, Adhikari P, Kotian S, Pinto VJ, D'Souza S, D'Souza V. Effect of 3-month Yoga on oxidative stress in type-2 diabetes with or without complications. Diabetes Care 2011;37:2208-10.

25. Streeter CC, Whitfield TH, Owen L, Rein T, Karri SK, Yakhkind A, et al. Effects of Yoga versus walking on mood, anxiety and brain GABA levels. A randomized controlled MRS Study. J Altern Complement Med 2010;16):1145-52.

26. Neena Sharma, et al. Yoga and glycemic profile in diabetics. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health 2014; Vol 3 Issue 9: 1135-1140

27. Cerranque GA, Maldonado EF, Vera FM, Manzaneque JM, Blanca MJ, Soriano G, et al. Haematological and biochemical modulation in regular Yoga practitioners. Biomed Res 2012;23:176-82.

28.Adler R, Cohen N, Felton D. Psychoneuroimmunology: interactions between nervous system and immune system. Lancet 1995;345:99-103.

Category: Volume 7 Issue 4 [July -Aug. 2017]

Status	Duration
starting	0.07 ms
checking permissions	0.01 ms
Opening tables	0.03 ms
init	0.02 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.01 ms
statistics	0.06 ms
executing	0.01 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.00 ms
closing tables	0.01 ms
freeing items	0.03 ms
cleaning up	0.01 ms

#	Caller	File and line number
9	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/database/driver.php:1740
8	JDatabaseDriver->loadResult()	JROOT/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:74
7	Joomla\CMS\Session\MetadataManager->createRecordIfNonExisting()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:154
6	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->checkSession()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:828
5	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->loadSession()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:136
4	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->__construct()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:66
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->__construct()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:386
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication::getInstance()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:140
1	Joomla\CMS\Factory::getApplication()	JROOT/index.php:47

Status	Duration
starting	0.04 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.01 ms
init	0.01 ms
System lock	0.00 ms
update	0.13 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.05 ms
closing tables	0.02 ms
freeing items	0.02 ms
cleaning up	0.01 ms

#	Caller	File and line number
8	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:116
7	Joomla\CMS\Session\MetadataManager->createRecordIfNonExisting()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:154
6	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->checkSession()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:828
5	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->loadSession()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:136
4	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->__construct()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:66
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->__construct()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:386
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication::getInstance()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:140
1	Joomla\CMS\Factory::getApplication()	JROOT/index.php:47

Status	Duration
starting	0.07 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.02 ms
init	0.02 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.02 ms
statistics	0.10 ms
preparing	0.02 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.19 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.01 ms
closing tables	0.02 ms
freeing items	0.04 ms
cleaning up	0.01 ms

Yoga And Diabetes Mellitus: Recommendations And Benefits- Systematic Review

IJAHM Content

IJAHM Menu

Download

Crossref - DOI

Impact Factor 2025: 8.254

Facebook

Who's Online

index

Joomla! Debug Console

Session

Profile Information

Time

Memory

Memory Usage

Database Queries

27 Queries Logged 18.57 ms

25 Query Types Logged, Sorted by Occurrences.

SELECT Tables:

OTHER Tables:

#	Caller	File and line number
12	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/database/driver.php:1701
11	JDatabaseDriver->loadObjectList()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:445
10	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::Joomla\CMS\Component\{closure}()	Same as call in the line below.
9	call_user_func_array()	JROOT/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:173
8	Joomla\CMS\Cache\Controller\CallbackController->get()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:453
7	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::load()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:519
6	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::getComponents()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:44
5	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::getComponent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:103
4	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::getParams()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:594
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:212
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

#	Caller	File and line number
10	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/database/driver.php:1506
9	JDatabaseDriver->loadAssocList()	JROOT/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:1063
8	Joomla\CMS\Access\Access::getAuthorisedViewLevels()	JROOT/libraries/src/User/User.php:458
7	Joomla\CMS\User\User->getAuthorisedViewLevels()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:318
6	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::load()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:87
5	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::getPlugin()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:129
4	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::isEnabled()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:604
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:212
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	a	NULL	const	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	const	1	100.00	NULL
1	SIMPLE	b	NULL	range	idx_usergroup_nested_set_lookup	idx_usergroup_nested_set_lookup	4	NULL	2	100.00	Using where; Using index

#	Caller	File and line number
11	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/database/driver.php:1550
10	JDatabaseDriver->loadColumn()	JROOT/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:980
9	Joomla\CMS\Access\Access::getGroupsByUser()	JROOT/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:1095
8	Joomla\CMS\Access\Access::getAuthorisedViewLevels()	JROOT/libraries/src/User/User.php:458
7	Joomla\CMS\User\User->getAuthorisedViewLevels()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:318
6	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::load()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:87
5	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::getPlugin()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:129
4	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::isEnabled()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:604
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:212
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	m	NULL	ref	idx_client_id_parent_id_alias_language	idx_client_id_parent_id_alias_language	1	const	31	3.33	Using index condition; Using where; Using filesort
1	SIMPLE	e	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.m.component_id	1	100.00	Using where

Status	Duration
starting	0.14 ms
checking permissions	0.01 ms
checking permissions	0.01 ms
Opening tables	0.12 ms
init	0.03 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.02 ms
statistics	0.05 ms
preparing	0.02 ms
Sorting result	0.01 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.02 ms
Creating sort index	0.24 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.01 ms
closing tables	0.02 ms
freeing items	0.05 ms
cleaning up	0.08 ms

#	Caller	File and line number
19	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/database/driver.php:1662
18	JDatabaseDriver->loadObject()	JROOT/libraries/src/Helper/LibraryHelper.php:167
17	Joomla\CMS\Helper\LibraryHelper::Joomla\CMS\Helper\{closure}()	Same as call in the line below.
16	call_user_func_array()	JROOT/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:173
15	Joomla\CMS\Cache\Controller\CallbackController->get()	JROOT/libraries/src/Helper/LibraryHelper.php:175
14	Joomla\CMS\Helper\LibraryHelper::loadLibrary()	JROOT/libraries/src/Helper/LibraryHelper.php:43
13	Joomla\CMS\Helper\LibraryHelper::getLibrary()	JROOT/libraries/src/Helper/LibraryHelper.php:90
12	Joomla\CMS\Helper\LibraryHelper::getParams()	JROOT/libraries/src/Version.php:321
11	Joomla\CMS\Version->getMediaVersion()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:778
10	Joomla\CMS\Factory::createDocument()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:234
9	Joomla\CMS\Factory::getDocument()	JROOT/plugins/system/uniform/uniform.php:29
8	plgSystemUniform->onAfterInitialise()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/event/event.php:70
7	JEvent->update()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/event/dispatcher.php:160
6	JEventDispatcher->trigger()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/BaseApplication.php:108
5	Joomla\CMS\Application\BaseApplication->triggerEvent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:668
4	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:686
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:212
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

#	Caller	File and line number
14	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Helper/LibraryHelper.php:117
13	Joomla\CMS\Helper\LibraryHelper::saveParams()	JROOT/libraries/src/Version.php:372
12	Joomla\CMS\Version->setMediaVersion()	JROOT/libraries/src/Version.php:331
11	Joomla\CMS\Version->getMediaVersion()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:778
10	Joomla\CMS\Factory::createDocument()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:234
9	Joomla\CMS\Factory::getDocument()	JROOT/plugins/system/uniform/uniform.php:29
8	plgSystemUniform->onAfterInitialise()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/event/event.php:70
7	JEvent->update()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/event/dispatcher.php:160
6	JEventDispatcher->trigger()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/BaseApplication.php:108
5	Joomla\CMS\Application\BaseApplication->triggerEvent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:668
4	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:686
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:212
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	e	NULL	ref	element_clientid,element_folder_clientid,extension	extension	82	const	5	1.00	Using index condition; Using where
1	SIMPLE	s	NULL	ref	idx_template,idx_client_id,idx_client_id_home	idx_template	202	rajourna_ijahm.e.element	1	60.00	Using index condition; Using where

#	Caller	File and line number
11	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:1264
10	Joomla\CMS\Table\Table->hit()	JROOT/components/com_content/models/article.php:254
9	ContentModelArticle->hit()	JROOT/components/com_content/controller.php:113
8	ContentController->display()	JROOT/libraries/src/MVC/Controller/BaseController.php:702
7	Joomla\CMS\MVC\Controller\BaseController->execute()	JROOT/components/com_content/content.php:43
6	require_once JROOT/components/com_content/content.php	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:402
5	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::executeComponent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:377
4	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::renderComponent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:194
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->dispatch()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:233
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

Status	Duration
starting	0.16 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.24 ms
init	0.07 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.02 ms
statistics	0.12 ms
preparing	0.02 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.16 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.01 ms
closing tables	0.04 ms
freeing items	0.03 ms
cleaning up	0.07 ms

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	m	NULL	ALL	idx_tag_type	NO INDEX KEY COULD BE USED	NULL	NULL	1	100.00	Using where
1	SIMPLE	t	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY,tag_idx,idx_access	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.m.tag_id	1	100.00	Using where

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	a	NULL	ref	idx_state,idx_access,idx_context	idx_state	1	const	1	100.00	Using index condition; Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort
1	SIMPLE	l	NULL	eq_ref	idx_langcode	idx_langcode	28	rajourna_ijahm.a.language	1	100.00	Using where
1	SIMPLE	uc	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.a.checked_out	1	100.00	NULL
1	SIMPLE	ag	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.a.access	1	100.00	Using where
1	SIMPLE	ua	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.a.created_user_id	1	100.00	Using where
1	SIMPLE	g	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.a.group_id	1	100.00	Using where
1	SIMPLE	fc	NULL	ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.a.id	1	100.00	Using where; Using index; Distinct

Status	Duration
starting	0.15 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.24 ms
init	0.06 ms
System lock	0.02 ms
optimizing	0.02 ms
statistics	0.17 ms
preparing	0.03 ms
Creating tmp table	0.05 ms
Sorting result	0.01 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.25 ms
Creating sort index	0.03 ms
end	0.01 ms
query end	0.01 ms
removing tmp table	0.03 ms
query end	0.00 ms
closing tables	0.01 ms
freeing items	0.04 ms
cleaning up	0.03 ms

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	a	NULL	ref	idx_access,idx_state,idx_catid,idx_language	idx_catid	4	const	33	16.00	Using index condition; Using where; Using filesort
1	SIMPLE	cc	NULL	const	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	const	1	100.00	NULL

Status	Duration
starting	0.11 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.24 ms
init	0.05 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.02 ms
statistics	0.14 ms
executing	0.01 ms
end	0.01 ms
query end	0.00 ms
closing tables	0.02 ms
freeing items	0.03 ms
cleaning up	0.01 ms

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	m	NULL	ref	PRIMARY,published,newsfeeds,idx_language	published	1	const	12	3.33	Using index condition; Using where; Using filesort
1	SIMPLE	e	NULL	ref	element_clientid,element_folder_clientid	element_clientid	403	rajourna_ijahm.m.module,const	1	10.00	Using index condition; Using where
1	SIMPLE	mm	NULL	ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.m.id	1	40.00	Using where; Using index

Status	Duration
starting	0.09 ms
checking permissions	0.01 ms
Opening tables	0.02 ms
init	0.02 ms
System lock	0.02 ms
optimizing	0.01 ms
statistics	0.07 ms
preparing	0.01 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.73 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.01 ms
closing tables	0.02 ms
freeing items	0.05 ms
cleaning up	0.01 ms