Ayurvedic And Modern Aspects Of Sariva (Hemidesmus Indicus R. Br): An Overview

Published: Saturday, 13 September 2014 10:43 | Written by Super User | Print | Email | Hits: 7012

¹Pansare T.A. , ²Khandekar S.B. , ³Satpudke S.S.

DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijahm/v8i1.11

¹Associate professor of Dravyaguna Department, Government Ayurvedic College, Osmanabad, Maharashtra.

²PG Scholar (Dravyaguna),Government Ayurvedic College, Osmanabad, Maharashtra

ABSTRACT:

Medicinal plants are being used widely, either as single drug or in combination in health care delivery system Hemidesmus indicus R.Br, also popularly known as ‘Anantmul’in Marathi ^‘Sariva’ in Sanskrit and ‘Indian sarsaparilla’ in english is a semi erect shrub belonging to family Asclepiadaceae. It is widely distributed throughout India.It contains various phytoconstituents belonging to the category glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, sterols and volatile oils. It is traditionally used in skin disorders, dysentery, diarhhoea, syphilis, dyspepsia, leucoderma burning sensation, chronic fever and asthma,leprosy, loss of appetite, eye diseases, epileptic disorder, dyspepsia, nutritional disorder,leucoderma ,ulcer and rheumatism and used for diuretic and blood purifier purpose. Pharmacological studies carried out with its extract and purified compounds indicate that this plant possess antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-ulcer, antimicrobial, anticancer, hypoglycemic, antithrombotic, antihyperlipidemic, otoprotective, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. It also protects radiation-induced DNA damage. This review provides comprehensive and unique information regarding ayurvedic and modern aspect of sariva under one umbrella which will be helpful to researchers and pharmaceutical industries to expand the pharma worth of this wonder drug.

Key words- Sariva, Hemidesmus indicus, Asclepiadaceae, Anantmul

REFERENCES

1. Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, , Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dept. of ISM and Homoeopathy, New Delhi; 2001:Vol.I: pg.107-108.

2. Gogte VM. Ayurvedic Pharmacology and Therapeutic uses of Medicinal Plants, Bhartiya Vidhya Bhavan, Mumbai 2000; 1st Edn: pg.512-513.

3. Gupta NS. The Ayurvedic System of Indian Medicine, Bharatiya Kala Prakashan, New Delhi; 2006: Vol. I: pg.96-97.

4. Khare CP. Encyclopedia of Indian Medicinal Plants, New York;2004: 245247.

5. Sharma PC, Yelne MB, Dennis TJ. Database on medicinal plants used in Ayurveda, Central Council for Research in Ayurveda & Siddha, New Delhi; 2000: Vol. I: 394403

6. Charak Samhita, Kashinath Sastri,Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varansi, Reprint 2013 pg.79, 80, 84, 92, 93

7. Bhavprakash nighantu, Dr.G.S Pandy, Chaukhamba bharti academy, Varanasi. 2013: pg. 411,412,413

8. Nadkarni, A.K Indian materia medica, popular Prakashan, pvt limited; vol-2: pg.619-622

9. Dravyaguna-vijnana, P.V. Sharma, Chaukhabha Bharti Academy, Varanasi Reprint 2015; vol 2:pg.798

10. Pr of Psriyavat Sharma and Guruprasad Sharma, Dhanvantari Nighantu (Hindi translation). Varanasi; Chaukhamba oriental; (1998); 2^nd edition: Pg.45-46

11. Prof Priyavat Sharma & Guru Prasad Sharma, Kaiyyadev Nighantu (Hindi translation); Chaukhamba oriental; (1979); 1 st edition Delhi: pg.183-184

12. Dr. Indradeo Tripathi Raj Nighantu (Hindi translation). Bharati Acadamy Varanasi, 2003; 3^rd edition: pg.419-420

13. Pandit.Hariprasad Tripathi, Madanpal Nighantu (Hindi translation) Varanasi; Chaukhamba Krishnadas academy; (2009); 1^st edition : p-17-18

14. Gupta NS. The Ayurvedic System of Indian Medicine, New Delhi, Bharatiya Kala Prakashan, 2006: pg.309.

15. www.disabled-world.com, accessed on 12th August, 2008.

16. Anonymous, The Wealth of India: A Dictionary of Indian Raw Materials and Industrial Products, National Institute of Science Communication, New Delhi, ISBN: 2001; Vol.2 81:7236-2137.

17. Anonymous; The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Health, Govt. of India, New Delhi, 1989: 1st Edn: pg.107-108

18. https:// en.m.Wikipedia.org

19. Aiyer K.N. Pharmacognosy of Ayurvedic Drugs of Travancore, Cochin. Central Research Institute, Trivandrum ;1951.

20. Warrier P.K., Nambiar V.P.K. and Ganapathy P.M. Some important medicinal plants of the Western Ghats, India-A profile. Int. Develop. Res. Centre; 2000: pg 159-174.

21. Sethi A, Srivastav SS, Srivastav S. Pregnane glycoside from Hemidesmus indicus. Indian J Heterocycl Chem 2006; 16:191-192.

22. Austin A. A review on Indian Sarsaparilla, Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. J Biol Sci 2008; 8(1):1-12.

23. Ravishankara MN, Shrivastava N, Padh H, Rajani M. Evaluation of antioxidant properties of root bark of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. (Anantmul). Phytomedicine 2002; 9:153–160.

24.Mohana Rao GM, Venkateswararao Ch, Rawat AKS, Pushpangadan P, Shirwaikar A. Antioxidant and Antihepatotoxic activities of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. Acta Pharmaceutica Turcica 2005; 47:107–113.

25. Sultana S, Khan N, Sharma S, Alam A. Modulation of biochemical parameters by Hemidesmus indicus in cumene hydroperoxide-induced murine skin: possible role in protection against free radicals-induced cutaneous oxidatve stress and tumor promotion. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 85:33–41.

26. Nadana S, Namasivayam N. Impact of Hemidesmus indicus R.Br. extract on ethanol-mediated oxidative damage in rat kidney. Redox Report 2007; 12(5):229-235.

27. Kumar GS, Jayaveera KN, Kumar Ashok CK, et al. Evaluation of antioxidant and antiacne properties of terpenoidal fraction of Hemidesmus indicus (Indian sarsaparilla). The Internet Journal of Aesthetic and Antiaging Medicine 2008; 1 (1).

28. Mahalingam G, Krishnan K. Hypoglycemic activity of Hemidesmus indicus on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Int J Diab Dev Ctries 2008; 28(1):6-10.

29. Mookan P, Rangasamy A, Thiruvengadam D. Protective effect of Hemidesmus indicus against rifampicin and isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Fitoterapia 2000; 71:55-59.

30. Baheti JR, Goyal RK, Shah GB. Hepatoprotective activity of Hemidesmus indicus R. br. in rats. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 2006; 44(5):399-402.

31. Nadana S, Namasivayam N. Inhibitory effect of Hemidesmus indicus and its active principle 2-hydroxy 4-methoxy benzoic acid on ethanol-induced liver injury. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2007; 21(5):507-514. 22

32. Hiremath SP, Rudresh K, Badami S. Antimicrobial activity of various extracts of Striga sulphurea and Hemidesmus indicus. Indian J. Pharm. Sci. 1997; 59(3):145-147.

33. Das S, Devaraj SN. Antidiarrhoeal effect of methanolic extract of Hemidesmus indicus an invitro and invivo study. Indian J Exp Biol 2003; 41(4):363-366.

34. Das S, Devaraj SN. Antienterobacterial activity of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.root extract. Phytother Res 2006; 20(5):416-421.

35. Das S, Devaraj SN. Glycosides Derived from Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.root inhibit adherence of Salmonella typhimurium to Host Cells: Receptor Mimicry. Phytother Res 2006; 20:784–793.

36. Gopiesh Khanna V, Kannabiran K. Larvicidal effect of Hemidesmus indicus, Gymnema sylvestre and Eclipta prostrata against Culex qinquifaciatus mosquito larvae. Afr J Biotechnol 2007; 6(3):307-311.

37. Kumar GS, Jayaveera KN, Ashok Kumar CK, et al. Antimicrobial effects of Indian medicinal plants against acne-inducing bacteria. Trop J Pharm Res 2007; 6(2):717723.

38.Iddamaldeniya SS, Thabrew MI, Wickramasinghe SMDN, Ratnatunge N, Thammitiyagodage MG. Protection against diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis by an indigenous medicine comprised of +igella sativa, Hemidesmus indicus and Smilax glabra-a preliminary study. J Carcinogenesis 2003; 2:1-6.

39. Iddamaldeniya SS, Thabrew MI, Wickramasinghe SMDN, Ratnatunge N and Thammitiyagodage MG. A long term investigation of antihepatocarcinogenesi potential of an indigenous medicine comprised of +igella sativa, Hemidesmus indicus and Smilax glabra. J Carcinogenesis 2006; 5:11.

40. Das S, Devaraj SN. Protective Role of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. Root Extract against Salmonella typhimurium induced Cytotoxicity in Int 407 Cell Line. Phytother Res 2007; 21:1209–1216.

41. Shetty TK, Satav JG, Nair CK. Radiation protection of DNA and membrane in vitro by extract of Hemidesmus indicus. Phytother Res 2005; 19(5):387-90

42. Mary NK, Achuthan CR, Babu BH, Padikkala J. In vitro antioxidant and antithrombotic activity of Hemidesmus indicus (L) R.Br. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 87:187–191.

43. Mary NK, Achuthan CR, Babu BH, Padikkala J. Antiatherogenic effect of Caps HT2, a herbal Ayurvedic medicine formulation. Phytomedicine 2003; 10:474–482.

44. Bopanna KN, Bhagyalakshmi N, Rathod SP, Balaraman R, Kannan J. Cell culture derived Hemidesmus indicus in the prevention of Hypercholesterolemia in normal and hyperlipidemic rats. Indian J Pharmacol 1997; 29:105-109.

45. Anoop A, Jegadeesan M. Biochemical studies on the anti-ulcerogenic potential of Hemidesmus indicus R.Br. var. indicus. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 84:149-156.

46. Das Sarita and Niranjali Devaraj S. Antienterobacterial activity of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. root extracts. Phytotherapy Research, 2006; 20(5): 416-421.

47. Navneet B, Gadge and Sunil S. Jalalpure Natriuretic and saluretic effects of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. Root extracts in rats. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 2011; 43(6): 714– 717.

48. Verma P.R, Joharapurka R.A.A, Chatpalliwar V.A and Asnani A.J. Antinociceptive activity of alcoholic extract of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. in mice. Journal of Ethno Pharmacology, 2005; 102: 298–301.

49. Ratha M, Subha K, Senthil kumar G and Panneer selvam A. Screening of phytochemical and antibacterial activity of Hemidesmus indicus (L.) and Vetiveria zizanoides (L.), Journal of Experimental Biology. 2012; 2 (2): 363-368.

50. Prabakan M, Anandan R and Devaki T. Protective effect of Hemidesmus indicus against rifampicin and isoniazide induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Fitoterapia. 2000; 71: 55–90

51. Sariba. Hemidismus indicus on wound healing. International Rresearch Journal of pharmacy. 2012; 3(3): 277-281.

52. Bahati J.R, Goyal R.K and Shah G.B. Hepatoprotective activity of Hemidismus indicus R.Br. in rats. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 2006; 44: 399-402.

53. Alam M.I, Auddy B and Gomes A. Viper Venom neutralization by Indian medicinal plant Hemidesmus indicus and Pluchea indica root extract. Phytotherapy Research. 1996; 10(1): 58-61. Anoop

54. Verma PR, Joharapurkar AA, Chatpalliwar VA, Asnani AJ. Antinociceptive activity of alcoholic extract of Hemidesmusindicus R.Br. in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;102:298–301.

55 Anoop Austin and Jegadeesan, M., Anti-ulcer potential of Hemidesmus indicus var pubescens R.Br., Hamdard Medicus, 46,3, (2003).(Accepted)

Category: Volume 8 Issue 1 (Jan- Feb 2018)

Status	Duration
starting	0.08 ms
checking permissions	0.02 ms
Opening tables	0.03 ms
init	0.02 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.01 ms
statistics	0.04 ms
executing	0.01 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.00 ms
closing tables	0.01 ms
freeing items	0.03 ms
cleaning up	0.02 ms

#	Caller	File and line number
9	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/database/driver.php:1740
8	JDatabaseDriver->loadResult()	JROOT/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:74
7	Joomla\CMS\Session\MetadataManager->createRecordIfNonExisting()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:154
6	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->checkSession()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:828
5	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->loadSession()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:136
4	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->__construct()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:66
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->__construct()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:386
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication::getInstance()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:140
1	Joomla\CMS\Factory::getApplication()	JROOT/index.php:47

Status	Duration
starting	0.03 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.01 ms
init	0.01 ms
System lock	0.00 ms
update	0.10 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.04 ms
closing tables	0.01 ms
freeing items	0.02 ms
cleaning up	0.01 ms

#	Caller	File and line number
8	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:116
7	Joomla\CMS\Session\MetadataManager->createRecordIfNonExisting()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:154
6	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->checkSession()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:828
5	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->loadSession()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:136
4	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->__construct()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:66
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->__construct()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:386
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication::getInstance()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:140
1	Joomla\CMS\Factory::getApplication()	JROOT/index.php:47

Status	Duration
starting	0.08 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.01 ms
init	0.02 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.01 ms
statistics	0.08 ms
preparing	0.01 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.13 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.00 ms
closing tables	0.01 ms
freeing items	0.03 ms
cleaning up	0.01 ms

Ayurvedic And Modern Aspects Of Sariva (Hemidesmus Indicus R. Br): An Overview

REFERENCES

IJAHM Content

IJAHM Menu

Download

Crossref - DOI

Impact Factor 2025: 8.254

Facebook

Who's Online

index

Joomla! Debug Console

Session

Profile Information

Time

Memory

Memory Usage

Database Queries

27 Queries Logged 36.61 ms

25 Query Types Logged, Sorted by Occurrences.

SELECT Tables:

OTHER Tables:

#	Caller	File and line number
12	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/database/driver.php:1701
11	JDatabaseDriver->loadObjectList()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:445
10	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::Joomla\CMS\Component\{closure}()	Same as call in the line below.
9	call_user_func_array()	JROOT/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:173
8	Joomla\CMS\Cache\Controller\CallbackController->get()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:453
7	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::load()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:519
6	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::getComponents()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:44
5	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::getComponent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:103
4	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::getParams()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:594
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:212
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

#	Caller	File and line number
10	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/database/driver.php:1506
9	JDatabaseDriver->loadAssocList()	JROOT/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:1063
8	Joomla\CMS\Access\Access::getAuthorisedViewLevels()	JROOT/libraries/src/User/User.php:458
7	Joomla\CMS\User\User->getAuthorisedViewLevels()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:318
6	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::load()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:87
5	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::getPlugin()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:129
4	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::isEnabled()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:604
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:212
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	a	NULL	const	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	const	1	100.00	NULL
1	SIMPLE	b	NULL	range	idx_usergroup_nested_set_lookup	idx_usergroup_nested_set_lookup	4	NULL	2	100.00	Using where; Using index

Status	Duration
starting	0.05 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.01 ms
init	0.02 ms
System lock	0.00 ms
optimizing	0.01 ms
statistics	0.06 ms
preparing	0.01 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.02 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.00 ms
closing tables	0.01 ms
freeing items	0.02 ms
cleaning up	0.01 ms

#	Caller	File and line number
11	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/database/driver.php:1550
10	JDatabaseDriver->loadColumn()	JROOT/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:980
9	Joomla\CMS\Access\Access::getGroupsByUser()	JROOT/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:1095
8	Joomla\CMS\Access\Access::getAuthorisedViewLevels()	JROOT/libraries/src/User/User.php:458
7	Joomla\CMS\User\User->getAuthorisedViewLevels()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:318
6	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::load()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:87
5	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::getPlugin()	JROOT/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:129
4	Joomla\CMS\Plugin\PluginHelper::isEnabled()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:604
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:212
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	m	NULL	ref	idx_client_id_parent_id_alias_language	idx_client_id_parent_id_alias_language	1	const	31	3.33	Using index condition; Using where; Using filesort
1	SIMPLE	e	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.m.component_id	1	100.00	Using where

Status	Duration
starting	0.14 ms
checking permissions	0.01 ms
checking permissions	0.02 ms
Opening tables	0.03 ms
init	0.04 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.01 ms
statistics	0.08 ms
preparing	0.03 ms
Sorting result	0.01 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.02 ms
Creating sort index	0.38 ms
end	0.01 ms
query end	0.01 ms
closing tables	0.03 ms
freeing items	0.04 ms
cleaning up	0.01 ms

#	Caller	File and line number
19	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/database/driver.php:1662
18	JDatabaseDriver->loadObject()	JROOT/libraries/src/Helper/LibraryHelper.php:167
17	Joomla\CMS\Helper\LibraryHelper::Joomla\CMS\Helper\{closure}()	Same as call in the line below.
16	call_user_func_array()	JROOT/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:173
15	Joomla\CMS\Cache\Controller\CallbackController->get()	JROOT/libraries/src/Helper/LibraryHelper.php:175
14	Joomla\CMS\Helper\LibraryHelper::loadLibrary()	JROOT/libraries/src/Helper/LibraryHelper.php:43
13	Joomla\CMS\Helper\LibraryHelper::getLibrary()	JROOT/libraries/src/Helper/LibraryHelper.php:90
12	Joomla\CMS\Helper\LibraryHelper::getParams()	JROOT/libraries/src/Version.php:321
11	Joomla\CMS\Version->getMediaVersion()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:778
10	Joomla\CMS\Factory::createDocument()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:234
9	Joomla\CMS\Factory::getDocument()	JROOT/plugins/system/uniform/uniform.php:29
8	plgSystemUniform->onAfterInitialise()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/event/event.php:70
7	JEvent->update()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/event/dispatcher.php:160
6	JEventDispatcher->trigger()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/BaseApplication.php:108
5	Joomla\CMS\Application\BaseApplication->triggerEvent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:668
4	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:686
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:212
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

#	Caller	File and line number
14	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Helper/LibraryHelper.php:117
13	Joomla\CMS\Helper\LibraryHelper::saveParams()	JROOT/libraries/src/Version.php:372
12	Joomla\CMS\Version->setMediaVersion()	JROOT/libraries/src/Version.php:331
11	Joomla\CMS\Version->getMediaVersion()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:778
10	Joomla\CMS\Factory::createDocument()	JROOT/libraries/src/Factory.php:234
9	Joomla\CMS\Factory::getDocument()	JROOT/plugins/system/uniform/uniform.php:29
8	plgSystemUniform->onAfterInitialise()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/event/event.php:70
7	JEvent->update()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/event/dispatcher.php:160
6	JEventDispatcher->trigger()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/BaseApplication.php:108
5	Joomla\CMS\Application\BaseApplication->triggerEvent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:668
4	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:686
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->initialiseApp()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:212
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	e	NULL	ref	element_clientid,element_folder_clientid,extension	extension	82	const	5	1.00	Using index condition; Using where
1	SIMPLE	s	NULL	ref	idx_template,idx_client_id,idx_client_id_home	idx_template	202	rajourna_ijahm.e.element	1	60.00	Using index condition; Using where

#	Caller	File and line number
18	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/joomla/database/driver.php:1701
17	JDatabaseDriver->loadObjectList()	JROOT/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:429
16	Joomla\CMS\Access\Access::preloadComponents()	JROOT/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:213
15	Joomla\CMS\Access\Access::preload()	JROOT/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:531
14	Joomla\CMS\Access\Access::getAssetRules()	JROOT/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:183
13	Joomla\CMS\Access\Access::check()	JROOT/libraries/src/User/User.php:398
12	Joomla\CMS\User\User->authorise()	JROOT/components/com_content/models/article.php:58
11	ContentModelArticle->populateState()	JROOT/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:457
10	Joomla\CMS\MVC\Model\BaseDatabaseModel->getState()	JROOT/components/com_content/models/article.php:251
9	ContentModelArticle->hit()	JROOT/components/com_content/controller.php:113
8	ContentController->display()	JROOT/libraries/src/MVC/Controller/BaseController.php:702
7	Joomla\CMS\MVC\Controller\BaseController->execute()	JROOT/components/com_content/content.php:43
6	require_once JROOT/components/com_content/content.php	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:402
5	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::executeComponent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:377
4	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::renderComponent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:194
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->dispatch()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:233
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

Status	Duration
starting	0.12 ms
checking permissions	0.01 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.03 ms
init	0.04 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.02 ms
statistics	0.12 ms
preparing	0.03 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.11 ms
end	0.01 ms
query end	0.01 ms
closing tables	0.03 ms
freeing items	0.04 ms
cleaning up	0.01 ms

#	Caller	File and line number
11	JDatabaseDriverMysqli->execute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:1264
10	Joomla\CMS\Table\Table->hit()	JROOT/components/com_content/models/article.php:254
9	ContentModelArticle->hit()	JROOT/components/com_content/controller.php:113
8	ContentController->display()	JROOT/libraries/src/MVC/Controller/BaseController.php:702
7	Joomla\CMS\MVC\Controller\BaseController->execute()	JROOT/components/com_content/content.php:43
6	require_once JROOT/components/com_content/content.php	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:402
5	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::executeComponent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:377
4	Joomla\CMS\Component\ComponentHelper::renderComponent()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:194
3	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->dispatch()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/SiteApplication.php:233
2	Joomla\CMS\Application\SiteApplication->doExecute()	JROOT/libraries/src/Application/CMSApplication.php:225
1	Joomla\CMS\Application\CMSApplication->execute()	JROOT/index.php:50

Status	Duration
starting	0.23 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.01 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.04 ms
init	0.12 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.02 ms
statistics	0.16 ms
preparing	0.02 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.14 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.01 ms
closing tables	0.07 ms
freeing items	0.03 ms
cleaning up	0.07 ms

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	m	NULL	ALL	idx_tag_type	NO INDEX KEY COULD BE USED	NULL	NULL	1	100.00	Using where
1	SIMPLE	t	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY,tag_idx,idx_access	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.m.tag_id	1	100.00	Using where

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	a	NULL	ref	idx_state,idx_access,idx_context	idx_state	1	const	1	100.00	Using index condition; Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort
1	SIMPLE	l	NULL	eq_ref	idx_langcode	idx_langcode	28	rajourna_ijahm.a.language	1	100.00	Using where
1	SIMPLE	uc	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.a.checked_out	1	100.00	NULL
1	SIMPLE	ag	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.a.access	1	100.00	Using where
1	SIMPLE	ua	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.a.created_user_id	1	100.00	Using where
1	SIMPLE	g	NULL	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.a.group_id	1	100.00	Using where
1	SIMPLE	fc	NULL	ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.a.id	1	100.00	Using where; Using index; Distinct

Status	Duration
starting	0.19 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.05 ms
init	0.09 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.03 ms
statistics	0.20 ms
preparing	0.07 ms
Creating tmp table	0.08 ms
Sorting result	0.01 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.26 ms
Creating sort index	0.05 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.01 ms
removing tmp table	0.07 ms
query end	0.01 ms
closing tables	0.02 ms
freeing items	0.04 ms
cleaning up	0.08 ms

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	a	NULL	ref	idx_access,idx_state,idx_catid,idx_language	idx_catid	4	const	11	16.00	Using index condition; Using where; Using filesort
1	SIMPLE	cc	NULL	const	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	const	1	100.00	NULL

Status	Duration
starting	0.17 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.03 ms
init	0.07 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.03 ms
statistics	0.27 ms
executing	0.02 ms
end	0.00 ms
query end	0.01 ms
closing tables	0.03 ms
freeing items	0.04 ms
cleaning up	0.01 ms

id	select_type	table	partitions	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	m	NULL	ref	PRIMARY,published,newsfeeds,idx_language	published	1	const	12	3.33	Using index condition; Using where; Using filesort
1	SIMPLE	e	NULL	ref	element_clientid,element_folder_clientid	element_clientid	403	rajourna_ijahm.m.module,const	1	10.00	Using index condition; Using where
1	SIMPLE	mm	NULL	ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	4	rajourna_ijahm.m.id	1	40.00	Using where; Using index

Status	Duration
starting	0.15 ms
checking permissions	0.01 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
checking permissions	0.00 ms
Opening tables	0.03 ms
init	0.07 ms
System lock	0.01 ms
optimizing	0.02 ms
statistics	0.18 ms
preparing	0.04 ms
Sorting result	0.01 ms
executing	0.00 ms
Sending data	0.01 ms
Creating sort index	0.44 ms
end	0.01 ms
query end	0.01 ms
closing tables	0.05 ms
freeing items	0.04 ms
cleaning up	0.02 ms